Assoc. Prof. Hacer Karabağ Arslan

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Yalova in the Atatürk years

1929–1938

From 1929, with Atatürk’s visits to Yalova, the thermal baths, roads and model farms were developed. Until 1938 Atatürk kept coming to Yalova to rest, work and receive treatment.

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Images

Yalova pier and waterfront, 20 May 1930.
Yalova pier and waterfront, 20 May 1930.Yalova City Museum Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 5, p.158.
The technical team working beneath the Walking Pavilion as it was moved, 1930.
The technical team working beneath the Walking Pavilion as it was moved, 1930.Yalova City Museum Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 11, p.193.
Decree signed by Mustafa Kemal appointing Henri Prost to plan the Yalova thermal baths.
Decree signed by Mustafa Kemal appointing Henri Prost to plan the Yalova thermal baths.BCA, 30.18.1.2/52.17.1; decision no. 2/2124, 5 March 1935. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 6, p.164.
Henri Prost’s drawing for the central layout of the Yalova spa park.
Henri Prost’s drawing for the central layout of the Yalova spa park.Henri Prost, HP-DES-005-01-02, Fonds Henri Prost; Centre d’archives d’architecture contemporaine, Cité de l’architecture et du patrimoine, Paris. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 7, p.166.
Front page of the newspaper Akşam on Henri Prost’s plan for Yalova, 26 May 1935.
Front page of the newspaper Akşam on Henri Prost’s plan for Yalova, 26 May 1935.Akşam, 26 May 1935, p.1; Gaste Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 8, p.168.
The 1938 Yalova development plan, showing the pier, Cumhuriyet Square and the town’s growth areas.
The 1938 Yalova development plan, showing the pier, Cumhuriyet Square and the town’s growth areas.A. Sabri Oran, Yalova imar plânı ve raporu, Arkitekt, no. 89–90 (1938), pp.171–172. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 10, p.182.
An official ceremony in front of the Yalova town hall in the 1930s.
An official ceremony in front of the Yalova town hall in the 1930s.Yalova City Museum Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 9, p.179.
The 23 April 1938 ceremony in Yalova: children and scouts around the Atatürk bust.
The 23 April 1938 ceremony in Yalova: children and scouts around the Atatürk bust.Yalova City Museum Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 9, p.179.
A Milliyet page on the development works in Yalova, 27 August 1929.
A Milliyet page on the development works in Yalova, 27 August 1929.Milliyet, 27 August 1929; Gaste Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 4, p.156.
The Walking Pavilion, slid along rails to save a plane tree, 1930.
The Walking Pavilion, slid along rails to save a plane tree, 1930.Yalova City Museum Archive. Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), Fig. 11, p.193.
Atatürk walking from Cumhuriyet Square to the Ulucami, 1 February 1938.
Atatürk walking from Cumhuriyet Square to the Ulucami, 1 February 1938.Bursa City Museum Archive. Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, p.203.
Press coverage of the Gemlik and Bursa visits, 2 February 1938.
Press coverage of the Gemlik and Bursa visits, 2 February 1938.Cumhuriyet, 2 February 1938. Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, p.206.
News of the opening of the Merinos Factory, 3 February 1938.
News of the opening of the Merinos Factory, 3 February 1938.Kurun, 3 February 1938. Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, p.214.

Details

1929 – 2 April 1930Malaria, water and a planning decision

In 1929 malaria and marshland in Yalova put the regulation of the Samanlı and Yalova streams on the health and planning agenda. A decree of 2 April 1930 bearing Mustafa Kemal’s signature ordered the draining of the marshes and the improvement of the streams.

  • Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), section 4.3, Health, Transport and Planning (1929–1938); P146, P147, P148, P154

5 March 1935 / January 1938The spa grounds and the Termal Hotel

A decree of 5 March 1935 approved Henri Prost’s appointment to plan the Yalova thermal baths. Sedad Hakkı Eldem designed the Termal Hotel as part of Prost’s spa layout; the hotel’s opening was announced in the press in January 1938.

  • Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), section 4.3.1, Planning the Spa Grounds: Prost and the Termal Hotel; P161, P163, P167, P170

1 February 1938Gemlik Sunğipek: an industrial visit

On 1 February 1938 Atatürk visited the Gemlik Sunğipek artificial silk factory. The factory went into operation the same day.

  • Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, p.202

2 February 1938Merinos: the factory opens

On 2 February 1938 Atatürk opened the Merinos Factory. Touring the plant, he followed each stage from washing the fleece to spinning yarn and weaving cloth.

  • Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, pp.204, 205

2 February 1938Çelik Palas: a gift to the city

In a letter dated 2 February 1938, Atatürk donated his shares in the Çelik Palas and his pavilion to the Bursa Municipality. Mayor Neşet Kiper read the letter at a ball that same evening.

  • Atatürk Bursa’sında Modernleşme Lider ve Şehir, p.205

14 March 1938A town plan between the pier and the square

A. Sabri Oran’s plan of 14 March 1938 treated the pier and Cumhuriyet Square as the town’s transport spine. It projected a population of about 3,500 over fifty years of growth.

  • Yalova ve Çevresinde İskân, Sağlık ve İmar (1921–1938), section 4.3.2, Planning the Town Centre: Oran’s 1938 Plan; P173, P174, P175, P183

Sources

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